History and Analysis of the Schwarzkopf Advertising Campaign Essay

The media control all mass communication all over the world, its existence is integral to todays twenty-four hr society. All media is highly influential, from on television to radio, newspapers to magazines, but especially the 19billion advertising industry. Although many people refuse to admit it we are easily manipulated into buying feature products subconsciously, a well-produced and marketed advert can increase sales revenue for any product. Schwarzkopf hair care & dyes is well known as an alternative to the mainstream hair companies. Hans Schwarzkopf whose beginning(a) formula in 1903 was an instant hit with his female customers established Schwarzkopf in 1868. The water-soluble powder shampoo, The Shampoo with the Black Head, offered an easy-to-use and value-for-money alternative to the expensive oils and approximative soaps of the time. Since then the brand has continued to grow and is famous for providing striking colours for women with a more adventurous style at an affo rdable price. Their latest publicise product Live countless Gloss hair colour was featured on the back page of Heat magazine issue 533. Heat is the UKs leading womens celebrity weekly costing 1.65 and a target audience of young celebrity conscious women. The target audience for Live Unlimited Gloss hair colour is young women aged 18-25 who want to make a statement with their hair colour and fashions, on a low budget. In the top-right corner of the advert there is the Schwarzkopf logo in silver, set in a black background. To the left of this it says 111 YEARS Schwarzkopf in a clear font. This instils sureness in the viewer that the product is of good quality and they will receive the benefits of the companys long experience. Underneath this, th... ...hine, but also cares for your hair as in the companys slogan.The third and final bullet-point uses the statistic that 9 out of 10 women are delighted by the long lasting shine. The reader is ultimately persuaded by the largely posit ive recommendation from other women. By saying the shine is long-lasting, the customer is guaranteed good value for money.In conclusion, this advert from Heat clipping is very effective in portraying the message of the advert. The advert is subtle, and presents the main feature of shiny hair well, without world too garish and shows Schwarzkopf as being of high quality and professional. Not being someone who colours my hair this product does not interest me directly but I would probably purport it to another based on this advert. In my opinion, this makes the advert successful as it reaches and is relevant to the target audience.

Gender Differences In A Video Store Essay -- essays research papers

Hayes 1AbstractThe difference between male and females was examined in five investigations in a large, well cognize video instal chain. Different genders were looked at in groups of all male or all female, single custody and single women, and and then groups of mixed gender. Differences between the two were measured in actions, words, and attitudes. The findings were in sync with what society generalizes so broadly as men and women differ in everything they do. The research was conducted not to constitute this familiar concept wrong but to show how men and women differ in a general setting of a video store. The data was instead rich in that the customers did not hold back what needed to be said and actions tended not to be restricted. The findings revealed that not only do men and women cull out different movie titles but they go about the whole process differently as well. The belief that men and women differ in practically everything they do is widespread throughout the Un ited States. There have been many studies on how they differ in certain aspects, which never unwrapm to be a surprise to the reader. We atomic number 18 so used to findings that prove time and again the differences that we are ready to offer up a proposal such as a professor of mine once said ?If you find in your setting that there is not a difference between men and women then that is something that needs to be published right away.? However, in the setting of the video store gender differences were found.Investigating the male-female relationship in a video store has a few different aspects. First, all male groups Hayes 2that came in to the store were quite different from the all female groups that came in to the store. They differed not only in the way they talked to each other and what they said to each other but also the type of movie title they chose. Second, when a si... ...e introduction, it is a universal belief that men and women differ in many ways in everything they d o. DiscussionFrom the results we see that men and women do differ significantly in the way they shop for videos. They not only differ in the videos that they watch but also the Hayes 111process in the way they choose movies. The differences we see our not specific just to this situation. We see these same differences in almost all settings that we observe. Why we see these differences is what this paper just begins to touch on. What makes almost every woman pick out the same type of movie and what makes her spend a significant amount of time in the store? In contrast, what makes men want typically only action movies and what makes them spend ten minutes or less in the store? The findings of the research confirm that there are gender differences but where and when these gender differences begin is the question?

Americas Involvement in the Soviet Afghan War Essay -- Iran War Ameri

Americas Involvement in the Soviet Afghan War The worst chemise scenario for the United States in the late 70s and early 80s was the threat of the Soviet invasion of Iran and subsequent control of the Saudi Oil fields. The best that could be done to prevent a possible Soviet invasion would have been the deployment of separate of the 82nd Airborne Division to the Zagros Mountains of Iran, which would take at least a week with reinforcements arriving much later. This was non acceptable to the Carter Administration, which decided on another course of action - to actively support the anti-Soviet Mujahideen freedom - fighters in Afghanistan and help protect the Middle eastern oil fields. This American involvement in the Soviet Afghan war has led to the emergence of Al-Qaeda and the September 11th attacks.On December twenty-fourth 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. On that day began a war which wreaked incredible havoc and destruction on Afghanistan for 10 long years. The Sovi ets stormed in with thousands of troops at the request of the troubled Afghan Communist regime. The Russians believed this be a neat surgical military operation. They were wrong.(Boggs) The only resistance to the Soviet invasion were men cognise as the mujahideen known to many as freedom fighters. They are multinational some even from America, doing everything in their power to repeal the Soviet horde. The Soviet invasion frightened neighboring countries such as Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, so they unoffici eithery allied with the United States. The U.S. provided the weaponry, training, etc., Saudi Arabia recruited the fighters (mujahideen) which were sometimes based in Pakistan. They all agreed on the need for armed resistance against the Soviets. The U.S. decided to tap the religious vein of the rebels, creating a zealous religiously driven guerrilla organization well armed and trained by CIA officers with the goal of returning Afghanistan to Islamic purity. The Mujahideen tactics were mostly composed of ambushes for Soviet convoys. They also implemented dissipate and run tactics against the Soviets.(Jalali, 20) The main battles were fought for convoys. Soviet forces were dependent on convoys for various reasons. Afghanistan had undeveloped industry making no possibility to manufacture spare parts in Afghanistan. Railways were nonexistent, so everything not airlifted was brought in through ... ...Lester Grau. Afghan Guerrilla Warfare. Fort Leavenworth Foreign Military Studies Office, 2001. Nyrop, Richard, and Donald Seekins. Afghanistan, a country study. Secretary of the Army, 1986.Raman, B. MUCH dither ABOUT A MISSILE . South Asia Analysis Group. April 10 2005 . Ross, Kelley. Islam. April 26, 2005 . Silverstein , Ken . Stingers, Stingers, Whos Got the Stingers? . Global Security. April 10 2005 . Steinman, Joshua. America must engage Osama Bin Laden. Chicago strand 06 Jan 2005. 03/04/05 http//maroon.uchicago.edu/viewpoints/articles/2005/01/06/america_mus t_engage_.php . T-64 Tank. FAS. Ap 27 2005 . Tamarov, Vladislav. Afghanistan Soviet Vietnam. San Fransisco Mercury House, 1992. Terrorism Questions and Answers. Council on Foreign Relations. April 07, 2005 . The Beast. Videocassette. Columbia Pictures, 1988. Tuninga, John The Umayyad Caliphate. Bartleby. Ap 23 2005 . Wolpert, Stanley. Roots of Confrontation in South Asia. New York Oxford University Press, 1982.Wuthnow, Robert . Islam. cyclopaedia of Politics and Religion. Ap 23, 2005 .

Abusing the Force Essays -- Law Enforcement Social Issues Police Essay

Abusing the ForceThe fundamental purposes of law enforcement is the serve and protect the individuals of society. restive treatment is often times afflicted upon unruly citizens as an alternative reform of discipline. Police abuse remains one of the most serious and discordant human rights violations of today. The secrecy, stress, and dangers of legal philosophy work fly the coops to an insular and close-knit occupational culture that results in a strong distinction surrounded by members of the police and society. An in-depth investigation on police brutalization and its causes of corrupting within the 1991 beating of Rodney King is evaluated by means of the credibility within the rights of citizens in Canada and the United States, the effects from prejudice affliction, and the societal disparagement on morals of the cultures in policing. Corruption is both a result and cause of the separation of the police from society. The isolation of the police can lead to a divergence of th e values of law enforcement officials from those that the rest of society professes to uphold (McAlary, 1997). The early morning of March 3, 1991 illustrates the horrific crime in Los Angeles, calcium. Several California Highway Patrol cruisers chase Rodney King, a robbery parolee, speeding over 110 miles per hour down the Los Angeles strip. King, an African American, is eventually forced to stop subsequently running through several red lights at intersections. As the other two passengers of the car complies with police requests to exit the car and argon subdued with pocket-sized resistance, King refuses to exit the car, thus a beating is administered by three Caucasian officers at the order of their sergeant who is on the scene. He is subsequently impaired over 56 times by wielding PR 24 metal batons, kicked at least 6 times, and shot twice with a Taser electronic immobilise gun, holding over 50,000 volts of electricity per shot (Lepour, 1991). Additionally, twenty-three other officers stand watching on the scene in which none made effort or suggestion to stop the crude combat. Consequently, King suffers extensive injuries including skull fractures, broken bones, and nerve damage to his face and body. Meanwhile, George Holiday, one of the several civilian by-standees awaken by noises of the police helicopter and sirens, videotapes the initial beating from his nearby apartment. Twelve days later, the three police officers ... ...r peers from the rest of society. The division may be further entrenched by a perception on the part of some officers of public animosity towards the police (Will, G. F., 1998). Every instance of corruption is further reinforces the distance between society and the police by increasing public hostility and distrust towards the police. Policing is an extremely emotional occupation and it is difficult for officers not to involve personally in their work. They are not merely human forms of robots, firing their guns arbitrarily with a complete lack of sense or emotion. No matter what type of activities police officers are involved in, they are often needed to use force to rectify certain situations, thus this primary discrepancy is difficult to distinguish between what is required and what is excessive force. As long as police officers play by the rules of their peer group and the public continues to negatively label them, any rapprochement between the two is unlikely. Fundamentally, police officers rely primarily on instinct and as long as their basic intention is to promote good and not poisonous while citizens need to trust that the instincts of an officer are generally correct.

A Struggle for Power :: Research Papers

A Struggle for PowerWomen in Western society have been expected todo what men and their hubbys strike of them with noquestioning of authority popular twentieth-centurydepictions of the nuclear family show the bread-winninghusband governing what his submissive wife does and doesnot do. A conflict over matrimonial authority is found in CharlottePerkins Gilmans The chicken Wallpaper, where the narrator isbattles the pressures of several authorities which notwithstandingtuallylead to her breakdown. If there is no balance in a marriage andone partner has total authority, then that marriage becomesnothing more than an institution within which the obedientpartner is a prisoner. An analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper inthe context of Phillip K. Zimbardos prison experiment showsthe tremendous power that ideologies of obedience andauthority have over people, specifically the authority that aman has over his wife, who becomes his prisoner.Many forces control the narrator in The YellowWallpa perthe most obvious being her husband, gutter. Inthe beginning of the story, she goes along with everythingher husband tells hereven if she does not agree withit. Because he is a physician, she does not go against hisauthority. While she may, in fact, feel perfectly fine afterwriting, she tells herself that she is weary because lavatory hasforced the idea into her head. She says, I sometimes fancythat in my condition if I had less opposition and more societyand stimulusbut John says the very worst thing I can do isto think about my condition, and I confess it always makesme feel bad (Gilman 577). She respects his authority andcomplies with his demands.These actions are resembling to those of the students inZimbardos prison experiment who were given the roles ofprisoners and guards in order that scientists could more fullyexamine obedience and authority in prisons. Zimbardo tellsthe reader, Act not, want not, feel not and you will not repulseinto trouble in prison-like situations (371). The narratorscompliance with her husbands demands illustrates how sheis similar to a prisoner. Zimbardo says, The prisoners wereforced to obtain permission from the guard for routine andsimple activities such as writing letters, smoking a cigaretteor even going to the toilet this elicited from them a childlikedependency (366). Like these prisoners, Gilmans narratorfeels controlled by her husband and is frustrated by herdependency. She says, I get unreasonably angry with Johnsometimes. Im sure I never used to be so sensitiveBut Johnsays if I feel so angry, I shall neglect proper self-control soI take pains to control myselfbefore him, at least (Gilman

A Struggle for Power :: Research Papers

A Struggle for PowerWomen in Western society have been expected todo what men and their husbands ask of them with noquestioning of assurance popular twentieth-centurydepictions of the nuclear family show the bread-winninghusband governing what his submissive wife does and doesnot do. A conflict over marital authority is found in CharlottePerkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper, where the narrator isbattles the pressures of several authorities which eventuallylead to her breakdown. If there is no balance in a marriage andone match has total authority, then that marriage becomesnoaffair more than an institution within which the obedientpartner is a prisoner. An analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper inthe setting of Phillip K. Zimbardos prison experiment showsthe tremendous power that ideologies of obedience andauthority have over people, specifically the authority that aman has over his wife, who becomes his prisoner. many a(prenominal) forces control the narrator in The YellowWallpaperthe most obvious being her husband, basin. Inthe beginning of the story, she goes along with everythingher husband tells hereven if she does not outfit withit. Because he is a physician, she does not go against hisauthority. While she may, in fact, sprightliness perfectly fine afterwriting, she tells herself that she is weary because John hasforced the idea into her head. She says, I sometimes fancythat in my condition if I had less opposition and more societyand stimulusbut John says the very worst thing I can do isto think about my condition, and I confess it always makesme feel bad (Gilman 577). She respects his authority andcomplies with his demands.These actions are similar to those of the students inZimbardos prison experiment who were given the roles ofprisoners and guards in order that scientists could more fullyexamine obedience and authority in prisons. Zimbardo tellsthe reader, Act not, want not, feel not and you will not getinto trouble in prison-like situations (371). T he narratorscompliance with her husbands demands illustrates how sheis similar to a prisoner. Zimbardo says, The prisoners wereforced to set out permission from the guard for routine andsimple activities such as writing letters, smoking a cigaretteor even going to the toilet this enkindle from them a childlikedependency (366). Like these prisoners, Gilmans narratorfeels controlled by her husband and is frustrated by herdependency. She says, I get unreasonably angry with Johnsometimes. Im sure I never used to be so sensitiveBut Johnsays if I feel so angry, I shall neglect proper self-control soI take pains to control myselfbefore him, at least (Gilman

Investigating the strength of Electrolytic solutions Essay

Table 1 above shows the raw entropy of experiment I did to test the strength several(predicate) electrolytic firmnesss. Moreover, this data table shows that all solutions except tap water and distilled water occupy the concentration of 0.5 M. In this table, some solutions ammeter variant has different suspense and multimeter setting. This is because solution like hydrochloric acid has high type A, so I had to set multimeter setting at 300mA in nine to mea confident(predicate) the ammeter reading of hydrochloric acid accurately.On the other hand, solution like distilled water has extremely low amp, so I had to set multimeter setting at 0.3mA in order to measure the ammeter reading of distilled water accurately. Hence, varying in uncertainty of reading in each solution because as 1 reading, for example, if measured at setting of 300mA, is 5 amp per reading plainly if measured at 0.3mA, it is read as 0.005 amp per reading.2.1. Data ProcessingNeutralTable 2 is a processed data of experiment on investigation of the strength of different electrolytic solutions. I included average of the data about strength of each electrolytic solution to make the data table clearer. Furthermore, I also included standard deviation of the data, to summarize the spread of nourishs around the mean. Lastly, I added additional knowledge about these solutions, whether if they are acidic, basic or neutral solutions.3.1 Conclusion and Evaluation3.1.1.ConclusionTo conclude, the background information that was given to me by the instructor states that stronger acidic or basic solutions are stronger electrolytes than those of weaker acidic, basic or neutral solutions. Referring to Table 2, which is a processed data of acquired data from this experiment, it provides the information of solutions whether if they are acidic, basic or neutral. In addition, it shows that stronger acid and base tend to have higher ammeter reading and weaker acid and base or neutral solutions tend to have lo wer ammeter reading. For example, hydrochloric acid, which is a strong acid, transferred mean reading of 47amp, whereas acetic acid, which is a weak acid, transferred mean reading of 0.92amp. Therefore, the results I got through experiment yield to the background information given by the instructor. (NakanishMasaki)3.1.2.EvaluationEverytime I finished experimenting with one solution three times, I thoroughly washed plastic container and 2 carbon electrodes with tap water, which made study contact with the solution while testing, and dried them with paper towel. The purpose is to avoid errors in results by preventing mix of preexisting solutions with another kind of solution. Moreover, since the fluctuation of the value that multimeter presented made hard for me to decide what to write as the data, whenever I fully connect complete electrical circuit, I waited for 15 seconds for the fluctuations to ease down. Finally, when I was playing experiment on calcium hydroxide (Picture 1), I mixed it by stirring with the glass pipe in order to uniformly spread the internality that was deposited on the bottom of the solution, so I can get uniformly mixed calcium hydroxide.I did my best to cover up the weaknesses of lab equipment, but in that location still are some weaknesses still which were present throughout the lab, and it might have varied the data I collected. First of all, in order to follow the written instruction from the instruction sheets given, I had to wash equipments that made direct contact with the solution everytime Im changing the solution that I will perform experiment upon with distilled water, but due to the lack of distilled water, I washed them with tap water instead.Second of all, I am not sure if 15 seconds were enough time for the fluctuations of the value to settle, or maybe it was too much time. Last of all, whenever I finish mixing the calcium hydroxide, I have to transfer the solution to the smaller beaker for measurement, but it takes t ime to do that and the substance might have been settled down within the calcium hydroxide solution. Therefore, there were some errors that prevented me from collecting the best results.Improvements can be made by providing each candidate, like me, with better lab equipments such as more locomote multimeter. Also, enough distilled water so I can wash equipments with it to follow the original instructions given.Works Cited1. http//www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acidbaseeqia/bases.html2. http//pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ac60144a0323. http//goto.glocalnet.net/ibweb/homepagelink.htm

Abolitionism †African American Essay

With abolition is found the gateway towards justifydom. The African American influence in this area was of great authority especially in rural districts such as Lancaster and Chester Counties (Pennsylvania). In these groups sometimes the blacks worked alone and sometimes they partnered with whites. With this movement, African Americans used woman chaser force to gain what they wanted (Bordewich, 138). Abolitionism was a great aid in spearheading the rights of blacks serving as soldiers.The abolitionism movement was fueled with evangelical religion, which deemed thralldom as a sin. With this motto, members of the movement (both white and black) demanded that slavery be done away with, and terminated completely (Glatthaar, 15). The abolition movement is one in which its essential existence is trussed integrally with that of African Americans, for it is their freedom which is at stake and is the goal of the movement. In the abolition movement is found the beginnings of the Anti-Slav ery Society that has this as its constitution,This Society shall aim to delegate the character and condition of the people of color, by encouraging their intellectual, moral and religious improvement, and by removing public prejudice, that thus they may, according to their intellectual and moral worth, share an par with the whites, of civil and religious pri skankyges nevertheless this Society will never, in any way, countenance the oppressed in vindicating their rights by resorting to physical force.Here is established the whipping heart of the movement, to liberate the black community, and restore to them their God-given rights as humans to live freely, without adversity, without a fundamental challenge to their worth as part of humanity. Conclusion The unnumbered of influences the African American culture and people had on the well-mannered War is vast in its subjects, from black soldiers, the abolitionists, to their role in religion, African Americans have be that their p articipation in the Civil War is essential.Black soldiers were only given praise and trustworthiness after they had proven themselves in the field of battle as equal compatriots to the Northern white soldier. During the clandestine times of the Underground Railroad, African Americans showed their dedication, and their strength of will through traveling thousands of miles to be free, and then they traversed the same paths in order to allow for other fugitives to find their way to the North. In Frederick Douglass there was found a man who stood for what he believed, non only in speech, but also in action.His deliberate animosity to ignorance in owning slaves helped to fuel the fires of the abolition movement, and thus the public awareness and knowledge of what slavery truly is a vile creature, distorted with hate, and allowed to live only through dictatorship, and autocracy. McPherson states of the Civil War, The Lincoln administration and the Republican press, even antislavery newsp apers such as the new York Tribune, declared emphatically that the part of the war was the restoration of the Union, and that the issues of slavery and the Negro had nonhing to do with the conflict (22).Without the establishment of the Underground Railroad, the Abolitionist movement, and the fight for freed blacks to become soldiers, the Civil War would not hold for a history about the emancipation of a endure, but the unification of a country instead. The ultimate influence that the African Americans had in the Civil War was their participation in all aspects of it they were not going to be denied their human right to be their own masters, and without their voices and contributions in the war, slavery might not be an old issue.Without the personal stories of African Americans such as Frederick Douglass then the war would be empty of freedom. As McPherson quotes of Susie King Taylor, In this land of the free we are burned, tortured, and denied a fair trial, murdered for any imagi nary wrong conceived in the brain of the negro-hating white man. There is no redress for us from a government which promised to protect all under its flag. It seems a mystery to me. They say, One flag, one nation, one country indivisible. Is this true?Can we say this truthfully, when one race is allowed to burn, hang, and inflict the most horrible torture weekly, monthly, on another? No, we cannot sing, My country, t is of thee, Sweet land of Liberty It is hollow mockery. The Southland laws are all on the boldness of the white, and they do just as they like to the negro, whether in the right or not(313). African Americans made this their war. Through fortitude and strength of will, they placed their combine in the decency of the Northern states and abolitionists to see the truth of the hate and prejudice in the country.The Civil War would not be about freedom, and the extraction of the activity of slavery in America if not for African Americans. African Americans paved the way fo r their own rebellion by speaking up, by acting, by using their talents in the field of battle and fighting for themselves, for liberation, for their sisters, brothers, mothers, and fathers. Without the influence of African Americans, the Civil War would have been just about unification.Work Cited Bordewich, Fergus M.Bound for Canaan. The Underground Railroad and the War for The somebody of America. HarperCollins, New York. 2005. Elkins, Stanely. Slavery. University of Chicago Press. 1976. Glatthaar, Joseph T. Forged in Battle The Civil War Alliance of Black Soldiers and White Officers. The Free Press. New York, 1991. McPherson, James M. The Negros Civil War. Pantheon Books. New York, 1965. McPherson, James M. Ordeal by Fire. McGraw Hill. New York. 2001 Tracy, O. 2005. http//www. teacheroz. com/index. htm.

Business Card Etiquette Essay

Business Card Etiquette A Must Master Have you ever experienced how mortifying it is when youre asked for a business invoice and you dont have any? Either you forgot to bring one or run out of business card game, this misadventure is embarrassing both to the asker and to the one being asked for. Habitually forgetting the business cards is the most famous neglect that someone makes when it comes to business card etiquette. In the business world it is important to always remember the business card etiquette as this would speak much of you and the business that you argon representing.So, what do we have to be harking backed to when it comes to business card etiquette? First, it is always helpful to have a system to remember to bring a bunch of cool business cards with you every time. Put it in a business portfolio or your purse or desk drawer or a cool business card holder, whichever is applicable and more convenient for you. As one of your most important marketing weapon, a cool bus iness card should always be present in business meetings and basically everywhere. This system would also save you from doing the same mistake that most forgetful entrepreneurs do.The second business card etiquette you should be dredging up on is that it should present creativity. Creative business cards not only state your name, contact numbers, or company logo. The style itself should discourse what kind of service you do or product you provide. You might even want to try cool digital business cards if youre on the PC or electronic business world. Creative business cards give respect to the card giver and receiver alike. Third thing to consider in business card etiquette is the poise of the card.Cool business cards make the receiver want to keep the card for some reasons like future reference or scarce because it is something likable. Either way, cool business cards promote boost in the owners individuality. The last and most important thing to ruminate in business card etiquette is the manner on how you present your card. Handing over wrinkled, torn or stained business cards give a reflection on how you see the receiver. This is a big no, especially when youre dealing with CEOs and managers of companies.Also, it is but proper not to present business cards during personal or unrestrained correspondence like condolences, get well soons, and even congratulations. So, you can understand that business card etiquette is as much as important as the card itself. Mastering it not only brings potential income to the business but a lasting impression of good reputation as well. Design diaries batch 2 (9-28) 9. chinawargonTravel Depotwww. china movedepot. com Anyone planning to travel along China might want to browse www. chinatraveldepot. com, the official web spot of the top destination service provider of the country.The site provides information regarding China activities, flights, hotels, tour packages, cars rental, Yangtze cruises, top China tours, prices, and promotions. Basically, what they offer is within- China travel services. But they also provide an option for add- on international travel services by teaming up with Expedia, one of the leading online tour operator in the world. The company also deals with the possibility of customization options and packages to provide the perfect travel destination. China Travel Depot serves over 60 chain stores and outlets located all over China. 10. Extreme Piewww. xtremepie. com Its up for the hippies to search for the biggest surf, snow, ride, and skate brands online at www. extremepie. com. Nike, Oakley, Nixon, Jansport, Billabong, Converse, Sanuk, Roxy, Havaianas, Element, and Reef are just some of the wide array of brands to choose from. The site features a full assortment of styles that are hip for the current season. Products are categorized as to usage (by ladies, men, and kids), gift items, and hardware. Extreme Pie offers their customers with a 110% price promise and a good pact of 90 day returns policy(both pillow slip to companys discretion).The company also gives a deal of free delivery for UK Mainland residents at some point detailed in the terms. 11. Fitness footgearwww. fitnessfootwear. com If someone is looking for quality footwear, fitnessfootwear. com is a must- visit site for him. Trendy and superior footwear from brands like Adidas, Birkenstock, Reebok,The North face, Under Armor Tactical, New Balance, Havaianas, Merrell, Vivo Barefoot, Fitflop, Hi- Tec, and Saucony are in store at www. fitnessfootwear. com. An different great feature of this site is that it has a shoe size converter for UK, Europe, and USA shoes.Visitors can choose from the mix of Running, Toning, Casual, Outdoor mens and womens shoes, insoles, socks, and accessories. To top all that, product updates, promotions, and discounts are given to customers who sign up to the FitnessFootwear. com newsletter. 12. Moonbasawww. moonbasa. us Moonbasa is powered by sunfish Group, a China- based company established in 2007, which currently have 800 employees. They specialize in women underwear and clothing but also offer other products such as shoes, handbags, home textile used outdoors and indoors, and Euro- style apparel.They have an elite staff of hunting professionals like Terry Drury, Mark Drury, Jay Gregory, tint Span, Ronnie Cuz Strickland, Hank Parker, Rick Kreuter, Keith Beam, and more. The company started in the 70s when the owner, Pete Shepley, experimented with new ideas for bow release aids. From flexible plastic arrow vane to replace the feathers, he trialed to the god of his first compound bow. Today, the line of PSE products vastly includes Pro Series Bows, Main Line Bows, Field Ready Bows, Recurve Bows, and a lot more.

The Negro Movement

Looking back at the history of the culture that has risen from the ashes one may be quite surprised just how utmost the African American culture has come. The progression of the African American culture is indeed one to be proud of. From cotton fields to Harlem, The New negro Movement, sparked a maven of cultural self-determination, with a yearning to strive for economic, political equality, and civic participation. This was a movement that sparked a wide range of advancements in the African American culture.Leaving footprints of great individuals as well as set a running way for future gen timetions to follow setting a trend for Black greatness. After the American civil War there was a spark at bottom the African American culture to diminish the legacy of slavery. It started in 1908, with the development of the NAACP (The National Association of Colored People), which led the fight against racial discrimination. What is known as The Great migration in 1914 was the migration o f over 500,000 or more Blacks in a six year period for industry jobs, and overall better opportunities.Blacks were leaving the southern nigh headed North in search for something new. This was the escape they longed for from oppressive living and social conditions that threatened life. New York was one of the more appealing states, considering New York schools prohibited disunite schools for African Americans. Therefore, education was also do easier for African Americans. By 1819 Harlem, New York had the highest count of Black people in the world. In 1916-17, Hubert Harrison whom is considered the father of The New blackness Movement established his first association The Liberty League, along with his first newspaper.During the 1920s and 1930s, African Americans expressed themselves through Literature, Art, Music, Drama, Movies, and protest. Mr. Harrison encouraged Blacks to expand and make better through education, awareness, and Afro-centric community programs. With The Voice of The New Negro Movement energized the Black community to demand equality. This was in fact the birth of the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance is the name stipulation to the period from the end of World War I and through the 1930s Depression era. During this time, there were many great literary works to come about. A group of writers produced a great group of Literature.Some of those writers include Alain Locke, who described himself as the midwife to aspiring young black writers of the 1920s. In a 1925 turn up entitled The New Negro, Howard University Professor of Philosophy Alain Locke described this transformation as not relying on of age(p) time-worn models scarce, rather, embracing a new psychology and new sprit. underlying to Lockes prescription was the mandate that the New Negro had to smash all of the racial, social and psychological impediments that had long obstructed black achievement. Six years prior to Lockes essay, the pioneering black film shaping mach ine Oscar Micheaux called for similar changes.In his film Within our Gates, Micheaux represented a virtual cornucopia of New Negro types from the educated and entrepreneurial race man and woman to the incorrigible Negro hustler, from the liberal white philanthropist to the hard core white racist. Micheaux created a complex, melodramatic narrative around these types in order to develop a piety tale of pride, prejudice, misanthropy and progressivism that would be revisited by Locke and others (Rhapsodies in Black Art of the Harlem Renaissance (London/California Hayward Gallery, Institute of International Visual Arts and University of California Press, 1997).Black-owned magazines and newspapers flourished, freeing African Americans from the constricting influences of mainstream white society. Charles S. Johnsons Opportunity magazine became the leading voice of black culture, and W. E. B. DuBoiss journal, The Crisis, with Jessie Redmon Fauset as its literary editor, launched the litera ry careers of such(prenominal) writers as Arna Bontemps, Langston Hughes, and Countee Cullen(The Birth of the Harlem Renaissance memorial & Timeline Infoplease. com).Additionally, there were other aspects of Black greatness emerging from oppression. Through their artistry, the literature of this period helped to facilitate a transformation from the psychology of the Old Negro (characterized by an implied inferiority of the post-Reconstruction era when black artists often did not control the means of production or editorial prerogatives) to the New Negro (characterized as self-assertive, racially conscious, articulate, and, for the most part, in charge of what they produced).Landmark texts that marked this transformation and encouraged increased exploration of African American experience through literature included The phonograph recording of American Negro Poetry (1922), edited by James Weldon Johnson and The New Negro (1925) by Locke. The short-lived literary magazine Fire (1926 ) also had a significant impact on the literary production because it represented the efforts of younger African American writers (such as Hughes and Hurston) to claim their own creativity apart from older artists (such as DuBois and James Weldon Johnson), as well as to establish autonomy from potential white exploiters (Trudier Harris-Lopez, Forward Harlem Renaissance, Volume I. Janet Witalec, project editor. Farmington Hill, MI Gale, 2003 Call and response The Riverside Anthology of the African American Literary Tradition. Ed. Patricia Liggins Hill. New York Houghton Mifflin Company, 1998). The Spiritual Coming of Age was solely for African Americans to express themselves and exert self-determination. To impart a sense of race pride. White Literary establishments became fascinated and began to publish their works. African American Literature has impacted American culture in an enormous way.Their writings have inspired many African Americans to continue the legacy in Literature. At this same time, the Jamaican-born Marcus Garvey began his promotion of the Back to Africa movement. Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL), which advocated the reuniting of all people of African ancestry into one community with one absolute government. The movement not only encouraged African-Americans to come together, but to also feel pride in their heritage and race (http//www. biography. com/blackhistory/harlem-renaissance. sp). The Harlem Renaissance was a defining movement within the African American culture. 1929 marked the scratch line of the end of the Harlem Renaissance. Due to the economic declines, many prominent writers departed Harlem. Although there was not much time during this period, this era influenced many writers to come. Its great moments in business relationship like this that inspire and influence generations to come. The Harlem riot of 1935 was the final event. The progression of African Ame ricans has come a long way. From slavery to Harlem, and beyond African Americans have made their mark in History.Shortly after the Renaissance, many came into their own creativity. With the emergences of people like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , Malcolm X, Sojourner Truth, the African American culture has gone far beyond what was imagined centuries ago. Many great musicians from jazz era contributed to the mass music frenzy we see today. With great musicians like Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong, we now have Kenny G, and Boney James. With Poets such as Langston Hughes, and Zora Neale Hurston, we have Maya Angelou, and Gwendolyn Brooks.The Harlem Renaissance has contributed too many great works among African Americans. The African American culture has blossomed in many ways. In the germ of the 1970s, African American literature went mainstream, and has continued to do well moreover, books by Black authors continue today to receive best-selling awards. This also marks the era where African American writings were considered as a legitimate genre of American Literature. The Civil Rights movement made a powerful impression on black voices in the 1960s.Baldwin, whose fiction and essays dealt not only with race but sexuality, family, the ex-pat life, and his childhood in the Church, returned from many years in Paris to participate in the burgeoning movement. Many of Baldwins most significant works were written in the 60s, including Another Country and The Fire Next Time (African American Literature History, Crossword, Quizzes, Harlem Renaissance, Civil Rights. Infoplease. 20002007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease. 26 Apr. 2011http//www. infoplease. com/spot/bhmlit1. html).

Crisis De-escalation Team

A lot reposition of beginning(a)s corroborate been developed over the years on different dashs to manage escalating crisis in the psychiatric hospital shelters and there be triggers to these violence, aggression and crisis that oft escalate and end up resulting to using restrictive practices.In answer to these violence and aggression from the inspection and repair users on the cellblock and physical intervention used to manage the behaviour, Crisis de-escalation team inter transmute initiative proposal bequeath put at the triggers to violence, minimise rising behaviours from escalating, improving quality of care provided to the service users by healthcare professionals and ultimately meeting the needs of service users to reduces distress.This intended switch instruction execution initiative leave behind draw references from Centre for the Advancement of Positive Behaviour defend on the organisations crisis reduction strategy references pull up stakes also be drawn from Royal College of Nursing Consultation on guidance to the minimisation of and alternatives to restrictive practices in health and adult social care.The change initiative go out recognise the fact that service users will engage in challenging behaviours because of their unmet needs, exposure to environment and interactions which they may disagree with or find challenging to their believes and ofttimes have generally less quality of life. Often times peoples behaviour represent a desperate attempt to change the status quo, do things their receive way or attempt to meet their own unmet needs.BackgroundThere are rising incidents of aggression and violence from the service users on the ward. This report is found on accuracy observations incident reports on the ward and look for/ data analysis carried out, which shows that about 9 in 10 of service users interviewed on the ward agreed that aggressive challenging behaviours from service users have increased and healthcare profession als unanimously agreed to that.These are negative attitude and challenging behaviours that can purify be managed if the ward has a plan to tackle the causes or better acknowledgen as triggers. Change proposal to implement Crisis De-escalation Team in an intensive care unit (ICU) ward of a mental health hospital will challenge triggers of aggression and crisis from escalating and manage the government agency. It will further jock to border the frequent use of restrictive practices and reduce isolation of service users that exhibited challenging and unmanageable behaviour.Crisis De-escalation Team is not about stopping any specific interventions, nor to have general overhaul of existing practices, but it is rather to have close to ward based healthcare professionals specifi mentiony trained to identify potential crisis and the triggers, and so be ready to grade in at any escalating situation on the ward, engage with the situation and everyone involved and de-escalate the issue .The change initiative was prompt through research studies that showed likely change effectuation was successful in psychiatric hospital wards in Australia and home treatment team unit in an NHS trust in London.According a review carried out by Australian Mental health commission (2014) on evaluation studies of crisis escalation and restraint reduction programmes, it set that increasing lag level and capital punishment of crisis de-escalation/resolution team is successful on reducing the regular and duration of seclusion and restraint use magical spell maintaining safe environment on the ward.Crisis de-escalation team should comply with all the policy protocols, ensures the ward and trust standard are maintained with regards to quality of services provided, fake to ensure the safety of everyone on the ward, encourage other colleagues and ward direction to consider their approach to resolving crisis. They will pass judgment the situation and if necessary call for restrictiv e measures to be used which will be evidence based, reasonable and justified.The crisis de-escalation team will be give away of the ward round team and will be directly involved in the service users care, they are also required to fulfil other functions on the ward as a large staff segment as to dilute their abilities not focusing on deescalation team duties only.Employees that will be department of this crisis de-escalation team will receive grooming and on-going training on new proposed change while retaining their full time staff employment on the ward.This is to ensure that ward does not lack the resources and short-handed while the training is on-going and change writ of execution is rolled out on the ward.Funding for this change initiative will come from the ward budget, managing director being part of the change champions will facilitate the fund. It is important to note that the change does not call for more employment rather it asked for special training given to t he staff implementing the change.Encouragement to fund this change will be from the positive feedbacks from consultation of the ward management and healthcare professionals, and it was also the major drive towards the proposed change effectuation strategy. Methodology The description and analysis of the research studies are evidence based which were rallied through qualitative data, detailed accounts of an actual experience and observations, also through implementation of ideas and resourcefulness from a success elsewhere in Australia, America and hospital ward in Scotland. The implementation was assimilated into a draft restructure practice strategy. 15 of the research studies carried out was a retrospective analysis that examined incidents on the ward through incident reports and restrictive practices used, but in some cases additional discipline was obtained from descriptive statistics gotten from other sources.Nineteen research studies were rallied from questionnaires or data that are collected on a periodic basis to obtain information, and 10 of them are through through qualitative research methodology.Twenty research studies were focused on the instances where less restrictive measures was used to deescalate challenging situations and the method that was applied. The research involved a comparison of outcomes on the more use of restrictive practices and less restrictive practices used on the ward to analyse the effectiveness of each these measures before, during and after it was applied.The research studies were conducted in 3 different Intensive Care Units (ICU) in a psychiatric hospital/ward.Research studies were also done in an acute inmate ward and early intervention unit within the psychiatric hospital.Definition of the change proposal Crisis de-escalation team is about having special trained staff on the ward that will be designated to manage the triggers of aggression and crisis, engage with service users in polite and calm manner to better vie w their point of view and look to for possible alternatives to stop the crisis from escalating.The team should employ empathy and compassion, know what to do and say at any situation, respecting the crisis circle, remained composed, cool and calm when dealing with crisis and try to resolve the situation without applying the use of restrictive practices.Violence can sometimes arise unexpectedly on the ward and overwhelmed everyone it is true to say that when healthcare professionals are overwhelmed and understaffed they are likely to react in such a manner that may escalate the crisis.Implementing the crisis de-escalation team is to also reduce tension, minimise any panic and frustration from staff members when they are face with circumstances beyond their control.When it come using restrictive practices to manage these ongoing rising challenging behaviours on the ward, healthcare professionals have often struggled to come up with explanations to justify what accounts to good practi ce on restrictive practice in the context of keeping everyone on the ward safe.Barriers to change implementation Barriers to the change implementation were encountered mainly from three different areas, hospital management, what need to change and the employees. Before a successful change strategy can be developed, barriers to the change need to be identified.n?Employees unwillingness to embrace change? Employees resistance to change? Ineffective communication strategy? Ward Financial shortfall and sustenance ? Shortage of staff and shift patterns? Lack of understanding of what needs to change and knowledge of skills essential for the implementation? Employees fear of the unknown.Overcoming the barriers to change implementation Identifying the barriers to the proposed change and how to exceed them is a good step towards achieving successful implementation of planned change initiative.Ways to overcome to overcome these barriers are followsEffective communication strategy- There sh ould be a clear and honest communication to employees and the stakeholders about what need to change and why it needed to change. Employees should be explained probably benefits the change will leave to them and hospital ward. Good Leadership- This is needed for the change implementation to be successful. Employees need to be carried along and be involved in the change process. As some employees are reluctant to embrace change, they should be made to understand why the change is better than status quo and why it is necessary.Training should be provided to the volunteered employees that will serving drive the change forward. Also awareness is very important because healthcare professionals on the ward need to understand the planned change goals, targets and the strategies of implementing the change. Provision of incentives and resources to religious service drive healthcare professionals towards the change, this will be a motivating strategy to get them on-board with the change.Si mplifying the planned change initiative- It should not be complex to understand and implement. The change should be localised, small but meaningful change that will not require a lot more staff than already existed. The implementation will not be made to result in big shakeups within the ward and should be phased.Whom the proposed change initiative will benefit/ make Based on the index analysis, research studies and observations at the ward on the restrictive practices, the proposed change initiative (crisis deescalation team) will benefit everyone on the ward including the service users, employees and management.How the proposed change will be implemented Identifying the barriers to proposed change initiative and overcoming the barriers is a good step towards the successful implementation of the change.The change implementation is planned and will happen by incremental change. Based on evidence, experts opinion and research analysis have proven that implementation of a successful c hange in a hospital ward is always difficult and challenging because of complex relationships that exists stakeholders, management, managers and healthcare professionals.Despite these barriers, any small meaningful change that will bring about evidence based best practice to positively improve the quality of care provided the service users on the ward is worth implementing and evaluated to monitor the progress. Support and approval from the leaders for the change initiativeSometimes good change initiatives ended up not been implemented because there was no leadership support for it.Getting the leadership support and the stakeholders on the board with the proposed change initiative is a huge step in the implementation stage of the proposed change initiative, the need for the change should to be properly communicated to the ward manager, and a case on need for the change to happen should be communicated to the manager.Data analysis, surveys based on observations and research findings should be presented to the manager and the leadership team on the ward to get them involved in the change initiative plan.With the managers approval for the change to happen, the manager will therefore help to resolve conflicts of interests and negotiate with the stakeholders to help make the case why the change initiative is needed to be implemented on the ward.The manager as part of the agent for the change should appoint leaders of the change initiative, and will help provide the tools, skills and training, and possibly the funding for the change from the budget or increase in the budget.Identifying the proposed Change agentsVolunteers will be identified within the ward and it will be ward employees that will be trained to help champion the proposed change. They should be given the chance to decide on their own to become the change agents and will work closely with the ward manager for provision of information and resources needed to push forward with the change.Communication and awarenessThe appointed leaders of the change will use all communication methods (Mass, interactive and face to face) to explain what need to change is an important step in change implementation. These involves ? Explaining the change initiative to the employees and everyone that will be impacted on the change initiative.? There should be an open chat to entertain concerns, questions and individual opinions on the change initiative.? There should be a constant reminder and follow-up of the planned change initiative.Skills and learning required for the implementation Training will be provided to healthcare professionals that will champion the change initiative. There are private training institutions (BSI) that offers best training in crisis management planning, with the approval of the manager, the volunteered staff will undertake short course training.Also other trust provided practical courses on crisis resolution should be provided to enable them know when and to put their knowl edge into action. This is to carry out best evidence based practice on de-escalate the triggers of violence and aggression from service users.Although the team members of this change initiative will be on voluntary basis, the ward manager will provide incentives to team members of this change as an encouragement and motivation.Implementing change initiative through engaging employees and healthcare professionals at all level within the ward.All the change agents including the manager, stakeholders and volunteered champions of change will actively engage with every staff member on the ward. This will be to create a better understanding of why this change initiative is very important and how it is small necessary step towards resolving the rising violence and aggression from service users.This change implementation is bottom-up approach and will require genuine interest and participation from the employees, employees are the ones that have been directly affected by the status quo and will be impacted more from the new change initiative. Healthcare professionals will to be actuate to participate fully in the change implementation timeline and initial goal plans.Monitor the implementation, examine the results and recognise the successEarly stages of implementation will be closely monitored to assess strengths and challenges there will be follow ups and reviews. There will be surveys and audits carried out to compare the status quo and change, this will be done to know if the change is having the expected outcome and also know if there are areas of the change that will require further improvement.Change champions will be encouraged and motivated through celebration of change success. Momentum will be built on the change by rewarding the employees that are championing the change implementation. Other staffs will be encouraged to become part of the change team this is to reduce any change resistance that may exist within the employees and create way for successful change implementation.

Akij Group

Akij Biri milling machinery Ltd. Akij Biri Factory expressage Akij Biri factory is one of the leading biri manufacturing companies in Bangladesh. It was established by deep Sheikh Akij Uddin. Behind the Akij group establish ment Akij Biri played a precise important role. Sheikh Akij Uddin (owner of Akij Group) started the handmade biri business since 1948. straight Akij Biri has eight biri making factories in all over the state of matter. The harvest is distributed under strong distribution system with a crusade sufficient equipment casualty. For that reason, the troupe has bigger return of satisfied loyal customers with strong notice image.This sector gave a real boost to the revenue of the conglomerate as well as making a substantial contribution to countrys economy. History of the party After 1947 After 1947 the founder, Akij uddin got married and started a business of small grocery ca-ca. In that shop one of the daily products was the Leaf Biri. This product changed his life dramatically. The leaf biri was made by Tendu Leaf which was imported from India. During that time it had a large demand in the countryside. In 1950 Then he thought that if he made this biri by himself then it would be more profitable for him.Then in 1950 Akij and one of his friends father Nitai bidhuvushon started to produce handmade biri. In a few days it became so pop. After a while t present was an accident happened in his shop. exactly after the accident he again started to produce the biri. Within in a few days the demand of biri reached from his village to Doulatpur industrial atomic number 18a. In 1955 In 1955 he went to Navaran and started to live there. Beside his house he and his cousin established a factory. That time this biri became a scrape name, which is Akij Biri. During the time the two major competitors were Ohab biri and Jalil biri.Akij Uddin sell his biri in wiped out(p) price than his competitors to increase the demand in the marketplace. The d aily demand stands to 25/30 thousands. The fame extended out to Jessore, Khulna, Khushtia, Faridpur and in other districts besides. In the retardation he became involved with jute business. After 1972 Aftar the liberation war of Bangladesh again he started his biri business and with his vast struggle he was able to create the same demand of Akij biri. In 1977 the daily demand of akij biri stands to on an average 14 lakhs. In 1979 this demand became 1 crore in a day. From that time to till the akij biri is serving the maximum demand of the country. fraternity Profile Name of the Group Akij Group Company Name Akij tobacco Company tobacco plant Experience Since 1950 Yearly Turnover US$ 700 billion Chairman Sheikh Mohiuddin Managing Director SK. Aziz Uddin Directors SK. Momin Uddin And SK. Amin Uddin Nature of Business tobacco and Allied Products Human Resources Officers and Workers Total 25,000 plus Person Products/Allied Processed/Packed Tobacco, Cigerettes, interrupt Rags, Expa nded Cut Stem. Brands Akij Biri, Akij King (Hand Made Cigargonttes) Monthly Production Akij Biri- 2000 Million sticks Fixed Asset US$ 85 MillionExport Market Singapore, ticker East, Malaysia etcetera Name of the Banker Standard Chartered, HSBC & international ampere Shonali Bank Bangladesh Ltd. Corporate Office Akij Chamber, 73 Dilkusha C/A, capital of Bangladesh- 1000, Bangladesh Telephone +8802-9560177 Email emailprotected org, Web www. akijtobacco. com Strategy of the partnership Akij Biri Companys main strategy is to keep low the price and make it available for all lower income people. The raw material of this product is very oftentimes available in Bangladesh thats why it is easy and cost effective to produce and keep the product price low than other company in the market.Organogram of the company Chairman Managing Directors Directors Directors Audit Department Marketing Department Account Department Transport Department Finance Department Purchase Department Products & amp Tobaccos Tobaccos Growing Areas Akij Biri Akij King Flue Cured Virginia Kushtia/ Jessore Belt, Chittagong Hill Areas Burley Tobacco Rangpur/ Dinajpur Belt, Manikgonj Leaf area DV (Dark Varginia)Jati (cross Varginia)Motihara (Rustica)Talim ( Rustica) Rangpur/ Dinajpur Belt Competitors Biri is a large industry in Bangladesh. There are many brands who are manufacturing biris like * Aziz Biri, Abul Biri, * Bengal Biri, * Momtaz Biri, * Raja Biri etc. At present, Akij biri is the largest biri company in Bangladesh and strong competitors to others. As Akij biri is the market leader and they flummox the 45% partake in of the market on the basis of market survey, revenue add-in, and internal report etc. So it means that the other biri brands are non in that position to compete with them. They are generally considering cigarette brands as their substitutes. Their dominant regions are Tangail, Mymensingh, Kushtia including other districts of the southern part of Bangladesh. Ma nagement of Akij biriThe whole buy the farm of Akij Biri is relying on supply chain management. Akij biri first collect raw materials from their diametric suppliers. The main market is Rangpur. After collecting the tobacco they usually preserve it for 6 months to 1 year for better taste and look. Akij biri always try to produce better quality product and also ensure the standard of the product. The butt bottom the management efforts are * ensure the product accessibility * continue the quality of the product * maintain low price for the customers. The management main focus is to hang on the market leader for the long run.That is why it makes its products so much available and low priced. The company has also extensively marketing set up, unique and liquid ecstasy products that makes the company more strong and market leader. It has also own tobacco fields and available raw materials that make the company able to sell the product at comparative reasonable price. Production The production process of Akij biri is purely labor based. Almost every process is done by labor. They use trinity different machines for dying, cutting, crashing, and mixing. The basic steps in manufacturing of Akij biri are generally as follows- * Sun cure * Washing Crashing * Mixing of different ingredients * Making paper render * Packaging Distribution Akij biri has its own strong distribution pathway. The product is available throughout the country with the help of an organized distribution channel. The finished product is delivered to the sales centers of Akij Biri. Akij Biri has in total of 12 sales centers in Bangladesh. These are Dhaka, Mymensingh, Brahmanbaria, Sylhet, Comilla, Chittagong, Faridpur, Rajshahi, Bogra, Khulna and Jessore. The company has divided the whole area of the country into 200 territories and each of them having a single distribution point.Then it is distributed to 700,000 sell outlets throughout Bangladesh from these points. To deliver the goods to the outlets the company planned 7,000 different routes so that each route is planned to deliver at 100 retail outlets. Sales and Marketing As Akij Biri is only for a certain group of customers, right marketing efforts are needed to capture profit. The target customer of Akij biri is low socioeconomic group of people from both urban and rural areas. The price of the biri is low for the target customers and for grab the large demand of the customers. In our country it is outlaw to advertise any kind of tobacco product.There are some strict rules and law to show the advertisement in TV channel, printing media etc. precisely the availability, brand image and low price is running(a) as marketing of the products. So the marketing strategy mainly depends on the distribution and sales strategy. The reason behind continuing biri business of Akij group Akij biri is one of the big company and many people are working in this company and in our country it has a great demand within lower inco me people. At earlier period it was a small business. But now it is expanded a cluster and fulfills the maximum demand of the customers in this segment.It is their turning business to establish themselves as a group of a big company. The profit that comes from Akij biri is 10%. The Akij group mainly get the brand value for this business, then it expanded its business in different sectors but this Akij biri business changes the way of doing business in the time of late Sheikh Akij Uddin. The low income people greatly depend in this biri. It was the first initiative of doing business in Bangladesh by Akij uddin. And now many people are working there and their family members also depend on this company.And they doing business as market leader after 1950, so now it serves a large measuring stick of customers in the market as a giant company. So they are continuing the business still now because it earns a huge profit and it has huge demand in market and the main reason is Akij group g ain its huge brand name because of Akij biri.. Dhaka Tobacco Industries A Dhaka Tobacco industry is included in the Akij Group in late seventies when government has decided to handover the factory to private sector from the nationalized sector. Now the company is working on eight different product brands.It also makes franchise license with the Philips Morris International Company and introduce Marlboro cigarettes in Bangladesh. History of the company The founder of Akij uddin came to Dhaka with his family after the liberation war. In 1978-1979 he bought the Dhaka tobacco Industry (DTI) from the government sector in an auction. In this time his coworker Din Islam helped a lot. For the postal service he bought a land in industrial area, Dilkusha. After that he again bought Asian tobacco express mail. When the demand was increasing a lot, he rented Khulna Tobacco Industry and started other 10 units in the assorted part of the country.The Dhaka Tobacco factory is located at Morkun n ear Tongi and lot of investment into men and machineries has turned the factory into a modern cigarettes production unit. It employs about 1200 people who work in a congenial atmosphere to deliver right quality to satisfy the million of smokers taste and needs. At present company has invested 15 million taka in this industry. Dhaka Tobacco Industry controls the 15% of the share of Bangladeshs cigarettes with its production of quality cigarettes. Now after fulfilling the countrys demand Navy and Sheikh are exported to Middle East and Malaysia.In 2008, it introduces Marlboro cigarettes with the help of world renowned Philip Morris International franchising license. Its production capacity is 150 million daily. Every day on an average it produces 120 million. Now approximately one billion cigarettes are produced per month by the companys factory in Tongi, Gazipur. One hundred million of the Navy brand are exported quality and are sold in Dubai. Company Strategy The company produces it s goods by considering the quality of the cigarettes to compete with the competitors. It also considers the price factor. Akij roup has huge raw materials suppliers on this field, so it becoms easy for the company to produce quality product with low price and grab the huge customers than the competitors. So the company strategies comply with the corporate strategy. The company always tries to compete with the multinational company also by producing quality products and also maintaining the price. The company strictly follows the ZERO DEFECTS strategy in producing the products. Products of Dhaka Tobacco Industries Product Range Competitors luxuriously Segment * Castle Full Flavor * Castle Lights 1. Benson & hedges 2. Gold leaf 3.Gudam gharam 4. Pine 5. Black 6. Pall-mall 7. Hollywood 8. Ni 9. Lincoln 10. Dunhill 11. Sunmoon 12. Star etc. Medium segment * Navy Lower Medium Segment * Sheikh * Real Low Segment * Five star * K-2 * Surma & Diamond * redness & white * Prese ntly DTI enjoys more than 10%market share in the high segment * Presently DTI enjoys more than 48%market share in the medium segment * Presently DTI enjoys more than 80%market in the lower medium segment * Presently DTI enjoys more than 50%market in the low segment The competitors of Dhaka Tobacco Industry are the main problem.There are strong competitors in the market and who serve a large number of people. British American Tobacco is one of the strong competitors of it. BATB is providing verity of products in the market. Dhaka Tobacco also has respective(a) cigarettes for different segments. By various segments quality products it is serving huge customers and make its brand name. It is also ensure the Zero Defects product strategy to stay in the market and to compete with the rivalry. By franchising Marlboro it also create a different zone for customer to meet their need for competing with the multinational companies.By this way it compete in the market along with different riva lry and also able to get profit. The business unit also has its own raw materials. That makes the company more beneficiary in producing the products and can able to serve different segment with different ranges products. The transportation cost also low for having own production farms. Management of the company is also very assured about their product growth. The product is maintained the required quality and price range to compete with the competitors. These also give the company a extra benefit. That makes the company strong against its competitors.Akij Zarda Factory Limited The factory was established in 2000. It produces various flavored chewing tobacco. It basically fulfill the demand of various types of customer who use Jarda in betel leaf, cigarettes etc. The Talim and Rustica Tobacco (motihar) is mainly apply in producing the Zarda. Akij Company has its own farming area where it produces Tobacco. That makes the Zarda Company more beneficiaries behind establishment of it. P roducts Akij zarda Factory Ltd. is producing four kinds of Zarda to fulfill the different customers in diversified taste. Product Range CompetitorsSpecial Patti * 50 gm * 25 gm * 12. 5 gm * hakim puri * Mokim puri * Shova * Baba * Roton Golden Patti(surovi) * 50 gm * 25 gm * 12. 5 gm Akij Zarda (Beli) * 50 gm * 25 gm * 12. 5 gm Vhiza Patti * 25 gm * 10 gm The Zarda Factory Limited is a small sister concern of Akij Group. It has an available raw material that helps a lot in producing Zarda. The bear upon system of leaf also good and the products meet a wide range of customer demand. Akij Company has its own strong brand name, which also makes the products fetch more popular in the market.The companys strong rivalry is Hakimpuri zard, but Akij Zarda become able to compete with it by its quality product and price range. The main corporation philosophy is by maintaining the quality of the product also make the product available for the general people. The Zarda Companys philosophy is also complying with the corporate philosophy. So the factory is not so much big sister concern of the Akij Group but it makes a different place in the market by providing various types of Zarda. The Tobacco industry of this company also gives it the extra benefit in producing Zarda. Akij Match Factory Ltd.Akij Match Factory Limited Akij Match Factory Ltd. Is one of the most successful companies in Bangladesh which serves a huge number of customers in this market. It is situated at a beautiful land site near Muktapur Ghat on the bank of the river Sitalakshaya. It is purely automatic match factory which produces 100% carbonized high quality safety matches. Most of the raw materials come from various parts of Bangladesh by river. The river Sitalakshaya facilitates a lot in transportation that flows near the river. History of the Company It was established in 1992 but started its operating theater from 1997.The main objective of this company is to produce great quality product by using the latest modern technology. It has two brands which are very much popular in the market. Dolphin is the first product of the company. Immediately after the introduction of the brand it became very popular among the customer because of high quality and intensive distribution channel in the country. After that it produces the Firebox match, which is also become very popular in the market. Now this factory has capacity to produce 30 thousands and on an average 27 thousands piece they produced daily.In the market the company provides approximately 4 lakhs 50 thousands piece matches and 3 lakhs 50 thousands Firebox in a month. Products * Dolphin * Firebox Quality of the product is very strictly controlled. Non standard products (wood layers or sticks) are discarded at every stage. But these things are not washed out. The sticks, wood layers and any other moment wood will be used in AKIJ Particle and Hardboard Mills. The faults in the discarded matches are dealt with and these ar e packed manually. Rotary packers packed the push-down list of match and these go straightforwardly to the market.Develop up of business In that time, when Akij Company introduced Dolphin matches then in the market there was some renowned brand like projapati. So as an infant company it faced some initial problem like to grab the customer of that market and make it available to the remote area of the country etc. The company is fulfilling its own objective by producing modern quality matches. Dramatically Dolphin brand becomes so popular to the customer for its availability and quality. Now fire fox is doing the same job. It is now grab the maximum market share and customer.It is now a leading brand in the market for its quality and popularity. The matches provide great services to the customer and availability of the product make it so strong in the market. So here also company complies the strategy with the prorate strategy. Akij corporations limited It is a sister concern of Aki j Group. Akij Corporation Limited is the one of the most structured distribution company in the Bangladesh. Akij Group is countrys one of the leading business conglomerates. In 1992 Initially Akij Corporation Limited was known as Amin Enterprise and started its operation in 1992.In 1997 In June 1997 Amin Enterprise was renamed as Aminuddin Enterprise Limited In 2001 In 2001 Aminuddin Enterprise Limited was again renamed as Akij Corporation Limited. Akij Corporation Limited is accountable for the marketing and distribution of three industries of Akij Group that is Dhaka Tobacco Industries, Akij Match Factory Limited and Akij Zarda (chewing tobacco) Factory. * Akij matches unused wood stick are used in paticle boar * Akij automotive by akij motor ltd * Akij tobacco to akij leaf processing unit * Akij power plant is used in akij particle board industry

Injustice Anywhere

Injustice Anywhere is a Threat to Justice Everywhere Sabeen Ijaz Ahmed B. B. I. T. (Hons) 4th Year, GIFT University This article won the first prize (Rs. 25,000 cash) in the second Annual All Pakistan Es label Writing Competition held by Quaid-e-Azam Law College. Injustice w weargonverwhere is a threat to justice everywhere. These powerful words were penned in a letter from a prison cell of Birmingham Jail in 1963, by unrivaled of Americas best known advocate of equal rights Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. tally to him, all humans argon caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in single garment of destiny.Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. Hence injustice with one individual of a edict can affect the life of other individuals of the society. Before we make society agnise the need of justice in this taste lets first talk about what justice really is. Justice is the ideal, morally correct state of things and persons. Justice is action in accordance wi th the requirements of roughly fairness. Whether these rules atomic number 18 grounded in human consensus or societal norms, they are supposed to en authentic that all members of society receive fair treatment.Justice is distinguished from other ethical standards as required and as, overwhelmingly important justice can be ideal of as distinct from, and more important than, benevolence, charity, mercy, generosity or compassion. All of these things may be valuable, but they are supererogatory rather than required. We need to know more than this we need to know what justice is, not merely what it is not, and several answers to that worry remove been proposed.. Justice is linked, both etymologically and conceptually, to the idea of justification having and giving decisive reasons for ones beliefs and actions.So, attempts to understand justice are typically attempts to discover the justification the source or basis of justice, and therefore to account for (or disprove) its overw helming importance. Justice becomes more essential for Islamic country like our due to the emphasis of Islamic teachings on justice. As it is said in Quran God enjoins justice and kindness, and giving to kinsfolk, and forbids indecency and abomination and wickedness. Surah Nahl 1690 Justice is perhaps the most important of the supreme value of Islam.In fact, it can be said that the main purpose of revelation and the tasks of Prophets (alayhum salam) has been to establish Justice. Thus, one of the early scholars of Islam has said that Where the signs of Justice appear and its face is shown in any(prenominal) way that is where the Law of God and His religion are found. Justice is the first principle of amicable life. It can be shown to govern all relations in life between ruler and ruled, rich and poor, husband and wife, parents and children.In all our dealings, we are required to stand firmly for justice eventide if it is against our own self and our kith and kin, for whop too can lead to injustice. O you who believe Be firm in justice as witnesses for God, even in cases against yourselves, your parents or your kin Surah Nisa 4 135 And if you overturn your word, you must be just, even though it be against your kin, and fulfill the covenant of God. For that is what He has commanded you that you may remember. Surah Anam 6 152 The maintenance of committing injustice may even prevent the doing of an act that is otherwise permissible.In fact one of the derived principles of the Shariah is that all permissible things are permissible provided that no damage or scathe results to others from their practice and that in the event that such damage or harm is -suspected or confirmed, the permissible shall be prohibited to avert such damage or harm. Issues of justice bristle in several different spheres and play a significant role in causing, perpetuating, and addressing conflict. Just institutions tend to instill a sense of stability, well-being, and satisfaction among society members, while perceived injustices can lead to dissatisfaction, rebellion, or revolution.Each of the different spheres expresses the principles of justice and fairness in its own way, resulting in different types and concepts of justice immanent, procedural, retributive, and restorative. These types of justice exhaust important implications for socio- scotch, semipolitical, civil, and criminal justice at both the national and international level. Distributive justice, or economic justice, is relateed with giving all members of society a fair share of the benefits and mental imagerys available.Fair allocation of resources, or distributive justice, is crucial to the stability of a society and the well-being of its members. When issues of distributive justice are inadequately turn to and the item to be distributed is highly valued, intractable conflicts frequently result. Procedural justice is concerned with making and implementing decisions according to fair unc onscious processes that ensure fair treatment. Rules must be impartially followed and consistently applied in order to generate an unbiased decision. If community believe procedures to be fair, they will be more likely to don outcomes, even ones that they do not like.Implementing fair procedures is central to many dispute resolution procedures, including negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and adjudication. Retributive justice appeals to the notion of just dessert the idea that . people deserve to be treated in the same way they treat others. It is a retroactive approach that justifies punishment as a receipt to early(prenominal) injustice or wrongdoing. The central idea is that the offender has gained unfair advantages through his or her behavior, and that punishment will set this imbalance straight.While it is difficult to give a complete and adequate definition of justice, most observers can recognize unmortgaged examples of serious injustice when they arise. such injust ice comes in various forms, wherever the norms of distributive justice, procedural justice, or human rights are violated. Political injustice involves the violation of individual liberties, including the denial of voting rights or due process, infringements on rights to freedom of row or religion, and inadequate protection from cruel and unusual punishment.Such injustice very much stems from unfair procedures, and involves political systems in which some but not others are allowed to render voice and representation in the processes and decisions that affect them. This sort of procedural injustice can contribute to serious social problems as well as political ones. If voting or litigation procedures, for example, are perceived to be unjust, any outcome they produce is liable to be unstable and produce conflict. In addition, any procedures that are carried out in a biased manner are likely to contribute to problems of phantasmal, ethnic, gender, or race discrimination.When the pro cedure in question has to do with employment or wages, such issues can lead to serious economic and social problems. The highly-publicized rape case of Mukhtaran Mai, also referred to as Mukhtar Mai or Mukhtaran Bibi, highlights the Pakistani governments shortcomings in dealing with violence against women and its persecution of rape victims. In 2002, Mukhtaran was sentenced to be gang raped by a tribal council in the province of Punjab as punishment for her jr. brothers alleged affair with a woman from a powerful clan.After the initial trial, six men were sentenced to death for the gang rape, while eight others were acquitted. However, last June, the Punjab laid-back Court overturned five of the convictions and reduced the sixth to a life sentence. Mukhtaran Mai real donations adding up to $160,000 from New York Times columnist Nicholas Kristoff s coverage of the case. Mukhtaran has apply the money to open two schools in her village, a shelter for abused women and provide her vi llage with an ambulance. When Mukhtaran was invited to the United States to talk about her case, the Pakistani government fearing hat she would malign the countrys image abroad denied her perish visa to the United States, and placed her under house arrest. Only -fallowing great international attention and pressure was the travel ban lifted. While Pakistans High Court suspended the acquittals of Mukhtarans rapists and will be re-examining the case, the governments lassitude in amending the Hudood Ordinances which place insurmountable obstacles for women to safely and successfully reserve justice in their rape cases foments an environment in which violence is perpetrated against women with virtual impunity.If women are unable to prove rape under the Hudood law, which requires four fully grown Muslim males to have witnessed the crime or the confession of the rapist himself, then the victims themselves may be tried for braggyery or fornication. Mukhtaran is not the whole victim of our political injustice. According to press reports cited by the Pakistan Human Rights Commission, a non-governmental organization, more than 10,000 women are raped every year in Pakistan, although the real figure is thought to be much higher.As in all countries, women are often reluctant to report rape, for social reasons as well as distrust of the judicial process. In Pakistan, there are additional legal barriers to pursuing a rape conviction. The rape law itself, one of the offenses of zina under the Hudood Ordinances, requires either the confession of the culprit or the eye-witness runningimony of at least four Muslim adult male witnesses to the rape. If she is unable to prove rape, a woman who reports rape to the guard is indefensible to prosecution herself under the Hudood Ordinances for fornication if she is unmarried or adultery if she is married.In addition to these formidable legal barriers to the prosecution of rape, there have been several reports of police invol vement in rapes and gang-rapes and of police protection of those accused of rape, particularly when they are from influential families. Women who have been raped are also at risk of adore killings, whereby a male relative kills them because they are thought to have dishonored the familys name in the community by transgressing social norms, which is seen to include having been raped. It has been estimated that on just one thousand honor killings make water place each year in Pakistan.Even the Pakistan Governments National Commission on the Status of Women has recommended repeal of the Hudood Ordinances on the grounds that they are discriminatory towards women and not in accordance with Islamic injunctions. They are also contrary to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of inconsistency Against Women (CEDAW) , to which Pakistan is a party, and to the Constitution of Pakistan, which states at Article 25 that (1) All citizens are equal before law and are entitled for equal protection of law. (2) on that point shall be no discrimination on the basis of sex alone. Crimes of honor are a pre-Islamic practice deeply rooted in the tribal societies of the northmost West Frontier Province (NWFP) where Upper Dir is located, Balochistan province, as well as those of Sindh and Punjab where they are called karo kari. In these rigidly patriarchal communities, wives, daughters, sisters and mothers are killed for the least sexual indiscretion and upon the slightest suspicion of adultery. Murders in the name of honor fall under the purview of the customary qisas and diyat law. Riddled with flaws, it makes prosecution extremely difficult.Activists have been urging the government to ameliorate the law but a bill seeking to bolster secular law against honor killings, presented in parliament last year, was defeated as un-Islamic. drastic changes are needed, Rakshanda Naz, resident director of Aurat Foundation told IPS. The social mind-set, specially the attitude of t he courts, needs to change. Often the courts adopt a lenient view towards an accused on the grounds of grave and sudden provocation which is nowhere in the law, she added. Sections of the qisas and diyat law work to the advantage of the accused in the trial and appellate stages.Under section 309 of the law, an adult wall (legal heir) of a deceased could use his right of qisas (to forgive the accused). Similarly, under section 310, the offence of murder is made a compoundable offence and any heir of a deceased could forgive an accused by compounding his right of qisas after receiving compensation.. Since in most honor-related murders, either a husband or parents are the heirs of the slain woman and as the murder takes place in connivance with almost all the family members, they prefer to waive their right of qisas and pardon the accused.Each time, the judicial response has appeared to violate the basic principles of justice, activists observed. Uzma Mehboob, a womens rights activist, said no FIR was registered in a recent case in a remote hamlet in NWFPs Mardan district where a powerful landowner sprayed his daughter and driver, who had eloped together, with bullets. Economic injustice involves the states failure to provide individuals with basic necessities of life, such as access to adequate food and housing, and its maintenance of huge discrepancies in wealth.In the most extreme cases of misdistribution, some individuals suffer from poverty while the elite of that society live in relative luxury. Such injustice can stem from unfair hiring procedures, lack of available jobs and education, and insufficient health care. All of these conditions may lead individuals to believe that they have not received a fair share of the benefits and resources available in that society. Many scholars and activists note that in order to truly address injustice internationally, we must strive to understand its underlying causes.These causes have to do with underdevelopment, eco nomic pressures, various social problems, and international conditions. Indeed, the roots of repression, discrimination, and other injustice stem from deeper and more complex political, social, and economic problems. It is only by understanding and ameliorating these root causes and strengthening civil society that we can truly protect human rights. Addressing political injustice is often a matter of developing institutions of fair governance, such as a responsible police force and judiciary. Legislative action and executive decision-making should likewise be held accountable.Such measures are sometimes a matter of reforming state institutions or revising state constitution. In cases where some groups are excluded from political participation, the state can remedy violations of political rights by promoting political inclusion and empowering subordinate groups. Public decision-making should respond to the will of the citizens, and members of the society should have the opportunity to participate in the formulation, execution, and monitoring of state policies. In other words, a culture of political involvement and public participation should be fostered.In addition, there are various social structural changes that might give groups more social, economic, and/or political power. This is often accomplished through the strengthening of the economy and civil society in conjunction with democratization efforts. In some cases countries require outside assistance for election monitoring, nation-building programs and the development of governmental infrastructure to make their political system more stable. Addressing systemic economic injustice is often a matter of economic reforms that give groups better access to jobs, health care, and education.In many cases, lack of access to basic services stems from enormous inequalities in resource distribution. Redistribution of benefits and resources can thus- be an important component of social structural changes to remedy i njustice. There are various institutional and economic development reforms that might be put in place to raise living standards and boost economic growth. In addition, by creating social and economic safety nets, states can eliminate tenseness and instability caused by unfair resource allocation. A central name and address of responding to injustice is paving the way for future peace.Once conflict has ended and policies of oppression have been repealed, society members face the task of rebuilding their society. Many believe that measures aimed at restorative justice are well-suited for this task. Restorative Justice is concerned with healing wounds of victims and repairing harm done to interpersonal relationships and the community. It can play a crucial role in responding to severe human rights violations or cases of genocide. Huge advances are made when governments submit the truth about past atrocities carried out by the state. It is thought that true healing equires rememberin g the atrocities committed, repenting, and forgiving. War crimes inquiries and truth commissions can aid in the process of memory and truth telling and help to make public the extent to which victims have/suffered. One of the tragic examples of restorative injustice in Pakistan is of the incident of pickings away Masihs children away from him. According to the law, all parents in Pakistan including Christian parents such as the Masihs have the right to raise their children in their own faith. But the law isnt always followed in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.Particularly when it comes to Christians. The girls were taken Jan. 25 by the familys landlady and her husband with police escorts. The couple contended that the children had converted to Islam and should no longer remain in a Christian home. The Masihs maintain that their daughters are still Christians, no matter what anyone says, and that even if they did convert to Islam, they should stay with their parents. But 14-year-o ld Nadia, 11-year-old Nyla and 9-year-old Nabila are gone, and its unclear whether theyll ever be allowed to return home.The city magistrate overseeing the case admits he decided against the Christians not on the basis of law but on public sentiment and a concern that he could have a religious riot on his hands. Legally speaking, they should have been given to their parents, says Kamran? Abdullah Siddiqi, leaning back in a cushioned curb in his office, where two armed policeman sit against a wall. But Siddiqi says if he did that, Some crazy person would come and say these are the children of Islam. Theyd say were going to chop you. Were going to shoot you.Were going to what did the KKK used to say in America? lynch you. Article 36 of Pakistans Constitution promises to safeguard the rights and interests of religious minorities. But human rights organizations say thats not happening. The U. S. State Department agrees, citing a government-fostered atmosphere of religious intoleranc e that has led to violence against religious minorities. In Pakistan, 97 percent of the population is Muslim the rest is made up mostly of Christians but also of Hindus, Buddhists and other groups.Partly at the prodding of concerned American Christian groups, the U. S. Congress earlier this month passed legislation requiring the president to take action against nations that engage in a pattern of religious persecution. In the 1980s, the United States gave Pakistan billions of dollars for economic development. But in recent years, concern that Pakistan was developing a nuclear bomb has prompted sanctions, slashing aid to the millions of dollars, most of it for humanitarian, food and counter narcotics efforts.Pakistans decision to test nuclear weapons in May further cooled US Pakistan relations. Pakistans pattern of religious persecution, documented for years in State Department reports, could lead to further sanctions. This is not the only case, there are still many stories but th e need here is not just to highlight the stories but also to make sure these stories end up with the mess they have already poured in our Islamic society. Restoration often becomes a matter of restitution or war reparations.In cases where clear acts of injustice have taken place, some type of compensation package can help to meet the material and emotional needs of victims and remedy the injustice. penance can also help to re-establish relationships among the conflicting parties and help them to move toward reconciliation. In some cases, conflicts can end more peacefully when parties acknowledge their guilt and pardon than when formal war crimes adjudication or criminal proceedings are used. In cases of civil war, because the line between offenders and victims can become blurred, a central goal of peace building is to restore the community as a whole.Restoration often becomes tied to the transformation of the relationship between the conflicting parties. However, such restoration c annot take place unless it is supported by wider social conditions and unless the larger community makes restorative processes available. Many note that an adequate response to injustice must involve social structural changes, reconstruction programs to help communities ravaged by conflict, democratization and the creation of institutions of civil society. Only then can the underlying causes of injustice be remedied.Summing up my thesis I would only add that by setting examples of injustice we are actually creating fear in the society to fight for their basic rights. This fear is one of the major causes of our poor economy and this is the vital reason, why we are left behind from other countries. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1)http//www. beyondintractability. org/essay/address_in justice/ 2)http//www. spectrezine. org/global/Bello. htm 3)Pakistan, G. (2003). Accelerating Economic suppuration and Reducing Poverty The Road Ahead.Islamabad Government of Pakistan. 4)http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Globa l_justice 5)http//www. injusticefilm. co. uk/impactofinjustice. htm 1 6)http//www. himalmag. com/2006/may/analysis_3. html 7)http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Justice 8)http//www. pakistanchristianpost. com/newsviewsdetail s. php? newsid=255 9)http//www. wisdomquotes. com/cat_conscience. html 10)http //prague. usembassy. gov/060117__mlk. html 11)http//www. equalitynow. org/english/urgent/urgent_muk htaranmai en. html